Forward the Foundation Chapter 18

13 â€Å"Yes,† said Hari Seldon wearily, â€Å"it was a great triumph. I had a wonderful time. I can hardly wait until I'm seventy so I can repeat it. But the fact is, I'm exhausted.† â€Å"So get yourself a good night's sleep, Dad,† said Raych, smiling. â€Å"That's an easy cure.† â€Å"I don't know how well I can relax when I have to see our great leader in a few days.† â€Å"Not alone, you won't see him,† said Dors Venabili grimly. Seldon frowned. â€Å"Don't say that again, Dors. It is important for me to see him alone.† â€Å"It won't be safe with you alone. Do you remember what happened ten years ago when you refused to let me come with you to greet the gardeners?† â€Å"There is no danger of my forgetting when you remind me of it twice a week, Dors. In this case, though, I intend to go alone. What can he want to do to me if I come in as an old man, utterly harmless, to find out what he wants?† â€Å"What do you imagine he wants?† said Raych, biting at his knuckle. â€Å"I suppose he wants what Cleon always wanted. It will turn out that he has found out that psychohistory can, in some way, predict the future and he will want to use it for his own purposes. I told Cleon the science wasn't up to it nearly thirty years ago and I kept telling him that all through my tenure as First Minister-and now I'll have to tell General Tennar the same thing.† â€Å"How do you know he'll believe you?† said Raych. â€Å"I'll think of some way of being convincing.† Dors said, â€Å"I do not wish you to go alone.† â€Å"Your wishing, Dors, makes no difference.† At this point, Tamwile Elar interrupted. He said, â€Å"I'm the only nonfamily person here. I don't know if a comment from me would be welcome.† â€Å"Go ahead,† said Seldon. â€Å"Come one, come all.† â€Å"I would like to suggest a compromise. Why don't a number of us go with the Maestro. Quite a few of us. We can act as his triumphal escort, a kind of finale to the birthday celebration. Now wait, I don't mean that we will all crowd into the General's offices. I don't even mean entering the Imperial Palace grounds. We can just take hotel rooms in the Imperial Sector at the edge of the grounds-the Dome's Edge Hotel would be just right-and we'll give ourselves a day of pleasure.† â€Å"That's just what I need,† snorted Seldon. â€Å"A day of pleasure.† â€Å"Not you, Maestro,† said Elar at once. â€Å"You'll be meeting with General Tennar. The rest of us, though, will give the people of the Imperial Sector a notion of your popularity-and perhaps the General will take note also. And if he knows we're all waiting for your return, it may keep him from being unpleasant.† There was a considerable silence after that. Finally Raych said, â€Å"It sounds too showy to me. It don't fit in with the image the world has of Dad.† But Dors said, â€Å"I'm not interested in Hari's image. I'm interested in Hari's safety. It strikes me that if we cannot invade the General's presence or the Imperial grounds, then allowing ourselves to accumulate, so to speak, as near the General as we can, might do us well. Thank you, Dr. Elar, for a very good suggestion.† â€Å"I don't want it done,† said Seldon. â€Å"But I do,† said Dors, â€Å"and if that's as close as I can get to offering you personal protection, then that much I will insist on.† Manella, who had listened to it all without comment till then, said, â€Å"Visiting the Dome's Edge Hotel could be a lot of fun.† â€Å"It's not fun I'm thinking of,† said Dors, â€Å"but I'll accept your vote in favor.† And so it was. The following day some twenty of the higher echelon of the Psychohistory Project descended on the Dome's Edge Hotel, with rooms overlooking the open spaces of the Imperial Palace grounds. The following evening Hari Seldon was picked up by the General's armed guards and taken off to the meeting. At almost the same time Dors Venabili disappeared, but her absence was not noted for a long time. And when it was noted, no one could guess what had happened to her and the gaily festive mood turned rapidly into apprehension. 14 Dors Venabili had lived on the Imperial Palace grounds for ten years. As wife of the First Minister, she had entry to the grounds and could pass freely from the dome to the open, with her fingerprints as the pass. In the confusion that followed Cleon's assassination, her pass had never been removed and now when, for the first time since that dreadful clay, she wanted to move from the dome into the open spaces of the grounds, she could do so. She had always known that she could do so easily only once, for, upon discovery, the pass would be canceled-but this was the one time to do it. There was a sudden darkening of the sky as she moved into the open and she felt a distinct lowering of the temperature. The world under the dome was always kept a little lighter during the night period than natural night would require and was kept a little dimmer during the day period. And, of course, the temperature beneath the dome was always a bit milder than the outdoors. Most Trantorians were unaware of this, for they spent their entire lives under the dome. To Dors it was expected, but it didn't really matter. She took the central roadway, into which the dome opened at the site of the Dome's Edge Hotel. It was, of course, brightly lit, so that the darkness of the sky didn't matter at all. Dors knew that she would not advance a hundred meters along the roadway without being stopped, less perhaps in the present paranoid lays of the junta. Her alien presence would be detected at once. Nor was she disappointed. A small ground-car skittered up and the guardsman shouted out the window, â€Å"What are you doing here? Where are you going?† Dors ignored the question and continued to walk. The guardsman called out, â€Å"Halt!† Then he slammed on the brakes and stepped out of the car, which was exactly what Dors had wanted him to do. The guardsman was holding a blaster loosely in his hand-not threatening to use it, merely demonstrating its existence. He said, â€Å"Your reference number.† Dors said, â€Å"I want your car.† â€Å"What!† The guardsman sounded outraged. â€Å"Your reference number. Immediately!† And now the blaster came up. Dors said quietly, â€Å"You don't need my reference number,† then she walked toward the guardsman. The guardsman took a backward step. â€Å"If you don't stop and present your reference number, I'll blast you.† â€Å"No! Drop your blaster.† The guardsman's lips tightened. His finger began to edge toward the contact, but before he could reach it, he was lost. He could never describe afterward what happened in any accurate way. All he could say was â€Å"How was I to know it was The Tiger Woman?† (The time came when he would be proud of the encounter.) â€Å"She moved so fast, I didn't see exactly what she did or what happened. One moment I was going to shoot her down-I was sure she was some sort of madwoman-and the next thing I knew, I was completely overwhelmed.† Dors held the guardsman in a firm grip, the hand with the blaster forced high. She said, â€Å"Either drop the blaster at once or I will break your arm.† The guardsman felt a kind of death grip around his chest that all but prevented him from breathing. Realizing he had no choice, he dropped the blaster. Dors Venabili released him, but before the guardsman could make a move to recover, he found himself facing his own blaster in Dors's hand. Dors said, â€Å"I hope you've left your detectors in place. Don't try to report what's happened too quickly. You had better wait and decide what it is you plan to tell your superiors. The fact that an unarmed woman took your blaster and your car may well put an end to your usefulness to the junta.† Dors started the car and began to speed down the central roadway. A ten-year stay on the grounds told her exactly where she was going. The car she was in-an official ground-car-was not an alien intrusion into the grounds and would not be picked up as a matter of course. However, she had to take a chance on speed, for she wanted to reach her destination rapidly. She pushed the car to a speed of two hundred kilometers per hour. The speed, at least, eventually did attract attention. She ignored radioed cries, demanding to know why she was speeding, and before long the car's detectors told her that another ground-car was in hot pursuit. She knew that there would be a warning sent up ahead and that there would be other ground-cars waiting for her to arrive, but there was little any of them could do, short of trying to blast her out of existence-something apparently no one was willing to try, pending further investigation. When she reached the building she had been heading for, two ground-cars were waiting for her. She climbed serenely out of her own car and walked toward the entrance. Two men at once stood in her way, obviously astonished that the driver of the speeding car was not a guardsman but a woman dressed in civilian clothes. â€Å"What are you doing here? What was the rush?† Dors said quietly, â€Å"Important message for Colonel Header Linn.† â€Å"Is that so?† said the guardsman harshly. There were now four men between her and the entrance. â€Å"Reference number, please.† Dors said, â€Å"Don't delay me.† â€Å"Reference number, I said.† â€Å"You're wasting my time.† One of the guardsmen said suddenly, â€Å"You know who she looks like? The old First Minister's wife. Dr. Venabili. The Tiger Woman.† There was an odd backward step on the part of all four, but one of them said, â€Å"You're under arrest.† â€Å"Am I?† said Dors. â€Å"If I'm The Tiger Woman, you must know that I am considerably stronger than any of you and that my reflexes are considerably faster. Let me suggest that all four of you accompany me quietly inside and we'll see what Colonel Linn has to say.† â€Å"You're under arrest† came the repetition and four blasters were aimed at Dors. â€Å"Well,† said Dors. â€Å"If you insist.† She moved rapidly and two of the guardsmen were suddenly on the ground, groaning, while Dors was standing with a blaster in each hand. She said, â€Å"I have tried not to hurt them, but it is quite possible that I have broken their wrists. That leaves two of you and I can shoot faster than you can. If either of you makes the slightest move-the slightest-I will have to break the habit of a lifetime and kill you. It will sicken me to do so and I beg you not to force me into it.† There was absolute silence from the two guardsmen still standing-no motion. â€Å"I would suggest,† said Dors, â€Å"that you two escort me into the colonel's presence and that you then seek medical help for your comrades.† The suggestion was not necessary. Colonel Linn emerged from his office. â€Å"What is going on here? What is-â€Å" Dors turned to him. â€Å"Ah! Let me introduce myself. I am Dr. Dors Venabili, the wife of Professor Hari Seldon. I have come to see you on important business. These four tried to stop me and, as a result, two are badly hurt. Send them all about their business and let me talk to you. I mean you no harm.† Linn stared at the four guardsmen, then at Dors. He said calmly, â€Å"You mean me no harm? Though four guardsmen have not succeeded in stopping you, I have four thousand at my instant call.† â€Å"Then call them,† said Dors. â€Å"However quickly they come, it will not be in time to save you, should I decide to kill you. Dismiss your guardsmen and let us talk civilly.† Linn dismissed the guardsmen and said, â€Å"Well, come in and we will talk. Let me warn you, though, Dr. Venabili-I have a long memory.† â€Å"And I,† said Dors. They walked into Linn's quarters together. 15 Linn said with utmost courtesy, â€Å"Tell me exactly why you are here, Dr. Venabili.† Dors smiled without menace-and yet not exactly pleasantly, either. â€Å"To begin with,† she said, â€Å"I have come here to show you that I can come here.† â€Å"Yes. My husband was taken to his interview with the General in an official ground-car under armed guard. I myself left the hotel at a the same time he did, on foot and unarmed-and here I am-and I believe I got here before he did. I had to wade through five guardsmen, including the guardsman whose car I appropriated, in order to reach you. I would have waded through fifty.† Linn nodded his head phlegmatically. â€Å"I understand that you are sometimes called The Tiger Woman.† â€Å"I have been called that. Now, having reached you, my task is to make certain that no harm comes to my husband. He is venturing into the General's lair-if I can be dramatic about it-and I want him to emerge unharmed and unthreatened.† â€Å"As far as I am concerned, I know that no harm will come to your husband as a result of this meeting. But if you are concerned, why do you come to me? Why didn't you go directly to the General?† â€Å"Because, of the two of you, it is you that has the brains.† There was a short pause and Linn said, â€Å"That would be a most dangerous remark-if overheard.† â€Å"More dangerous for you than for me, so make sure it is not overheard. Now, if it occurs to you that I am to be simply soothed and put off and that, if my husband is imprisoned or marked for execution, that there will really be nothing I can do about it, disabuse yourself.† She indicated the two blasters that lay on the table before her. â€Å"I entered the grounds with nothing. I arrived in your immediate vicinity with two blasters. If I had no blasters, I might have had knives, with which I am an expert. And if I had neither blasters nor knives, I would still be a formidable person. This table we're sitting at is metal-obviously-and sturdy.† â€Å"It is.† Dors held up her hands, fingers splayed, as if to show that she held no weapon. Then she dropped them to the table and, palms down, caressed its surface. Abruptly Dors raised her fist and then brought it down on the table with a loud crash, which sounded almost as if metal were striking metal. She smiled and lifted her hand. â€Å"No bruise,† Dors said. â€Å"No pain. But you'll notice that the table is slightly bent where I struck it. If that same blow had come down with the name force on a person's head, the skull would have exploded. I have never done such a thing; in fact, I have never killed anyone, though I have injured several. Nevertheless, if Professor Seldon is harmed-â€Å" â€Å"You are still threatening.† â€Å"I am promising. I will do nothing if Professor Seldon is unharmed. Otherwise, Colonel Linn, I will be forced to maim or kill you and-I promise you again-I will do the same to General Tennar.† Linn said, â€Å"You cannot withstand an entire army, no matter how tigerish a woman you are. What then?† â€Å"Stories spread,† said Dors, â€Å"and are exaggerated. I have not really done much in the way of tigerishness, but many more stories are told of me than are true. Your guardsmen fell back when they recognized me and they themselves will spread the story, with advantage, of how I made my way to you. Even an army might hesitate to attack me, Colonel Linn, but even if they did and even if they destroyed me, beware the indignation of the people. The junta is maintaining order, but it is doing so only barely and you don't want anything to upset matters. Think, then, of how easy the alternative is. Simply do not harm Professor Hari Seldon.† â€Å"We have no intention of harming him.† â€Å"Why the interview, then?† â€Å"What's the mystery? The General is curious about psychohistory. The government records are open to us. The old Emperor Cleon was interested. Demerzel, when he was First Minister, was interested. Why should we not be in our turn? In fact, more so.† â€Å"Why more so?† â€Å"Because time has passed. As I understand it, psychohistory began as a thought in Professor Seldon's mind. He has been working on it, with increasing vigor and with larger and larger groups of people, for nearly thirty years. He has done so almost entirely with government support, so that, in a way, his discoveries and techniques belong to the government. We intend to ask him about psychohistory, which, by now, must be far advanced beyond what existed in the times of Demerzel and Cleon, and we expect him to tell us what we want to know. We want something more practical than the vision of equations curling their way through air. Do you understand me?† â€Å"Yes,† said Dors, frowning. â€Å"And one more thing. Do not suppose that the danger to your husband comes from the government only and that any harm that reaches him will mean that you must attack us at once. I would suggest that Professor Seldon may have purely private enemies. I have no knowledge of such things, but surely it is possible.† â€Å"I shall keep that in mind. Right now, I want to have you arrange that I join my husband during his interview with the General. I want to know, beyond doubt, that he is safe.† â€Å"That will be hard to arrange and will take some time. It would be impossible to interrupt the conversation, but if you wait till it is ended-â€Å" â€Å"Take the time and arrange it. Do not count on double-crossing me and remaining alive.† 16 General Tennar stared at Hari Seldon in a rather pop-eyed manner and his fingers tapped lightly at the desk where he sat. â€Å"Thirty years,† he said. â€Å"Thirty years and you are telling me you still have nothing to show for it?† â€Å"Actually, General, twenty-eight years.† Tennar ignored that. â€Å"And all at government expense. Do you know how many billions of credits have been invested in your Project, Professor?† â€Å"I haven't kept up, General, but we have records that could give me the answer to your question in seconds.† â€Å"And so have we. The government, Professor, is not an endless source of funds. These are not the old times. We don't have Cleon's old free-and-easy attitude toward finances. Raising taxes is hard and we need credits for many things. I have called you here, hoping that you can benefit us in some way with your psychohistory. If you cannot, then I must tell you, quite frankly, that we will have to shut off the faucet. If you can continue your research without government funding, do so, for unless you show me something that would make the expense worth it, you will have to do just that.† â€Å"General, you make a demand I cannot meet, but, if in response, you and government support, you will be throwing away the future. Give me wile** and eventually-â€Å" â€Å"Various governments have heard that ‘eventually' from you for decades. Isn't it true, Professor, that you say your psychohistory predicts that the junta is unstable, that my rule is unstable, that in a short time it will collapse?† Seldon frowned. â€Å"The technique is not yet firm enough for me to say that this is something that psychohistory states.† â€Å"I put it to you that psychohistory does state it and that this is common knowledge within your Project.† â€Å"No,† said Seldon warmly. â€Å"No such thing. It is possible that some among us have interpreted some relationships to indicate that the junta may be an unstable form of government, but there are other relationships that may easily be interpreted to show it is stable. That is the reason why we must continue our work. At the present moment it is all too easy to use incomplete data and imperfect reasoning to reach any conclusion we wish.† â€Å"But if you decide to present the conclusion that the government is unstable and say that psychohistory warrants it-even if it does not actually do so-will it not add to the instability?† â€Å"It may very well do that, General. And if we announced that the government is stable, it may well add to the stability. I have had this very same discussion with Emperor Cleon on a number of occasions. It is possible to use psychohistory as a tool to manipulate the emotions of the people and achieve short-term effects. In the long run, however, the predictions are quite likely to prove incomplete or downright erroneous and psychohistory will lose all its credibility and it will be as though it had never existed.† â€Å"Enough! Tell me straight out! What do you think psychohistory shows about my government?† â€Å"It shows, we think, that there are elements of instability in it, but we are not certain-and cannot be certain-exactly in what way this can be made worse or made better.† â€Å"In other words, psychohistory simply tells you what you would know without psychohistory and it is that in which government has invested uncounted piles of credits.† â€Å"The time will come when psychohistory will tell us what we could not know without it and then the investment will pay itself back many, many times over.† â€Å"And how long will it be before that time comes?† â€Å"Not too long, I hope. We have been making rather gratifying progress in the last few years.† Tennar was tapping his fingernail on his desk again. â€Å"Not enough. Tell me something helpful now. Something useful.† Seldon pondered, then said, â€Å"I can prepare a detailed report for you, but it will take time.† â€Å"Of course it will. Days, months, years-and somehow it will never be written. Do you take me for a fool?† â€Å"No, of course not, General. However, I don't want to be taken for a fool, either. I can tell you something that I will take sole responsibility for. I have seen it in my psychohistorical research, but I may have misinterpreted what I saw. However, since you insist-â€Å" â€Å"I insist.† â€Å"You mentioned taxes a little while ago. You said raising taxes was difficult. Certainly. It is always difficult. Every government must do its work by collecting wealth in one form or another. The only two ways in which such credits can be obtained are, first, by robbing a neighbor, or second, persuading a government's own citizens to grant the credits willingly and peaceably. â€Å"Since we have established a Galactic Empire that has been conducting its business in reasonable fashion for thousands of years, there is no possibility of robbing a neighbor, except as the result of an occasional rebellion and its repression. This does not happen often enough to support a government-and, if it did, the government would be too unstable to last long, in any case.† Seldon drew a deep breath and went on. â€Å"Therefore, credits must be raised by asking the citizens to hand over part of their wealth for government use. Presumably, since the government will then work efficiently, the citizens can better spend their credits in this way than to hoard it-each man to himself-while living in a dangerous and chaotic anarchy. â€Å"However, though the request is reasonable and the citizenry is better off paying taxes as their price for maintaining a stable and efficient government, they are nevertheless reluctant to do so. In order to overcome this reluctance, governments must make it appear that they are not taking too many credits, and that they are considering each citizen's rights and benefits. In other words, they must lower the percentage taken out of low incomes; they must allow deductions of various kinds to be made before the tax is assessed, and so on. â€Å"As time goes on, the tax situation inevitably grows more and more complex as different worlds, different sectors within each world, and different economic divisions all demand and require special treatment. Me result is that the tax-collecting branch of the government grows in size and complexity and tends to become uncontrollable. The average citizen cannot understand why or how much he is being taxed; what he can get away with and what he can't. The government and the tax agency itself are often in the dark as well. â€Å"What's more, an ever-larger fraction of the funds collected must be put into running the overelaborate tax agency-maintaining records, pursuing tax delinquents-so the amount of credits available for good, and useful purposes declines despite anything we can do.** â€Å"In the end, the tax situation becomes overwhelming. It inspires discontent and rebellion. The history books tend to ascribe these things to greedy businessmen, to corrupt politicians, to brutal warriors, to ambitious viceroys-but these are just the individuals who take advantage of the tax overgrowth.† The General said harshly, â€Å"Are you telling me that our tax system is overcomplicated?† Seldon said, â€Å"If it were not, it would be the only one in history that wasn't, as far as I know. If there is one thing that psychohistory tells me is inevitable, it is tax overgrowth.† â€Å"And what do we do about it?† â€Å"That I cannot tell you. It is that for which I would like to prepare a report that-as you say-may take a while to get ready.† â€Å"Never mind the report. The tax system is overcomplicated, isn't it? Isn't that what you are saying?† â€Å"It is possible that it is,† said Seldon cautiously. â€Å"And to correct that, one must make the tax system simpler-as simple as possible, in fact.† â€Å"I would have to study-â€Å" â€Å"Nonsense. The opposite of great complication is great simplicity. I don't need a report to tell me that.† â€Å"As you say, General,† said Seldon. At this point the General looked up suddenly, as though he had been called-as, indeed, he had been. His fists clenched and holovision images of Colonel Linn and Dors Venabili suddenly appeared in the room. Thunderstruck, Seldon exclaimed, â€Å"Dors! What are you doing here?† The General said nothing, but his brow furrowed into a frown.

Key Terms Essay

ACEs – an entry in an objects acl that grants permissions toa user or group ACL – A collection of access control entries that defines the access that all users and groups have to an object ATA – A disk interface that uses parallel communications to connect multiple hard drives to a computer Authorization – The process of making sure someone is who they say they are Basic Disk – The default disk type, it can have up to four partitions, three primary and one extended Direct-attached Storage – a computer whith hard drives stored in it Disk Duplexing – Method of fault tolerance, duplicate data is stored on two disks in seperate host adapters Disk Mirroring – Method of fault tolerance, duplicate data is stored on two seperate disks DiskPart. exe – Command line method to do all your disk related deeds Dynamic Disk – Alternative to basic disk, able to have an unlimited number of volumes Effective permissions – A combination of all the permissions from various sources External Drive Array – Hard disks attached to a computer through a network medium File System – A part of the OS for storing and organizing files Folder redirection – A useful feature that lets users save thier files to a network location LUNs – An identifier assigned to a specific component within a SCSI device which enables the SCSI host adapter to send commands to that component. NAS – A dedicated file server that is connected to a network and provides users with file based storage Offline Files – Lets people keep copies of files on their machines so that if the server goes down they can still work Partition Style – The ways disks are organized in windows RAID – Multiple disks working together as pals to do great things such as fault tolerance or increases to read/write speeds SID – Every active directory object gets one of these, kinda like a social security number Security Principal – Whoever is an administrator assigns permissions to SATA – Newer version of ATA that users serial communications Shadow Copies – Makes copies of a file that users can use to restore to vaious times SCSI – Lets computers transfer data to multiple storage devices Standard Permissions – The common special permissions SAN – A dedicated high speed network wevice that connects storage devices to servers.

Aztec Civilization Essay Research Paper The Aztec

Aztec Civilization Essay, Research Paper The Aztec Indians created a great civilisation in Central Mexico, making its extremum in the 1500 s. Being late reachings to the country, and because of their strong adjacent states, they were forced to populate in the boggy western countries of the Lake Texcoco. Because of the boggy milieus, the Aztecs used clay to make illumination islands in the swamps. These islands are called chinampas, or drifting gardens, and were used as agrarian lands. On these fertile islands they grew maize, squash, veggies, and flowers. Bing an agriculturally dependent imperium, the Aztec s faith was based extremely on the forces of nature and worshipped them as Gods. The God of war, Huitzilopochtli, was the most of import divinity. They had many other of import Gods, such as Tlaloc, the God of rain, Quetzalcoatl, the God of air current and of acquisition, and Tenochtitlan, the Sun God. The Aztecs believed in order to pacify these and many other Gods that they needed to execute human forfeits. The chief intent of the great Aztec pyramids was, in fact, human forfeits. They besides believed that there were lucky and luckless yearss for baptism and to declare war on, which were decided by a priest. Most art and architecture in the Aztec civilisation was based on their faith. There are many brilliantly colored wall paintings and pictures on walls and on bark which depict spiritual ceremonials, along with big graven images of Gods. One of the most astonishing and celebrated of the Aztec s art works is a immense calendar rock that weighs 22 dozenss and is 12 pess in diameter. On the rock is a image of what the Aztecs thought the existence was like. The Sun God is in the center, with the celestial spheres environing it, and images of people made out of cherished rocks. The Aztec signifier of authorship was in pictographs, or little images typifying objects or sounds. The Aztec enumeration system used pictographs besides, and was based on the figure 20. For illustration, a flag represented 20, a fir tree R epresented 20 times 20, or 400, and a pouch represented 400 times 20, or 8000. The capitol of the Aztec Empire was Tenochtitlan, which was built where contemporary Mexico City is. It was given the nickname Venice of the New World, because it had many canals. During the height of the Aztec civilisation, the population of this great metropolis numbered more than 200,000. This made it one of the most populated metropoliss in the ancient universe. The metropolis was connected to the mainland by 3 causeways, which, when flooded, served as protective butchs. In the metropolis aqueducts, which was likely the first type of indoor plumbing, brought fresh H2O into places. Many people used canoes to go through the metropolis. Most of the houses were made up of clay and distorted branchlets, but the aristocracy and priests had plastered brick or rock houses. In 1519, Spanish adventurer Hernando Cortes and more than 500 other Spaniards landed on the shores of Mexico in hunt of gold. The Aztecs welcomed the Spaniards and gave them gifts, because they thought they were Gods. Cortezs became greedy when he saw the tremendous sum of wealths that the Aztecs had. He took the Aztec leader, Montezuma, surety, and forced him to curse commitment to Spain. There the Spanish remained without opposition until, in Cortes absence, one of the officers massacred over 200 Aztecs while they had gathered for a spiritual ceremonial. This caused the Aztecs to revolt, and they drove the Spanish to the sea. Montezuma was killed in the combat, so he was replaced with a new leader, named Cuitlahuac. He merely ruled a few months, and so he died of a disease. Montezuma s nephew Cuauhtemoc so took over. The Spanish retreated to a nearby metropolis and rallied together to siege Tenochtitlan. The Aztecs were no lucifer for the Spanish arms, and they surrendered in Augus t of 1521. This marked the terminal of the last of the staying Native American Indians. Today, most of the posterities of the Aztec civilisation live in Mexico, where the Aztec Empire used to boom.

Managing Information Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing Information - Coursework Example It has good experience of these exhibitions throughout the year, which adds to many advantages that can be propped in the research. A meeting discussion of a written brief organized by Marston Tools due to research for success had been approached mid-April this year. This paper or business report will focus on the benefits and limitations of information systems as a tool to be applied by the Marston Tools company. An information system can be simply defined as a set of interconnected mechanism that gather, process, accumulate and dispense information to assist in making decisions in a given company or organisation. It usually contains information regarding the persons, places in addition, facilities in the organisations surrounding environment. According to Effy (2008), the components of information systems are; computer hardware and software, databases, telecommunications and human resource personnel. Information systems are of different types in respect with the kind of business or organisation. In this, case a brick and mortar business would require the following types of information systems (Effy, 2008). 2.0 Types of Information Systems 1. ... 3. Management information systems The management information system generates information on expected basis in accurate, organised and timely manner to be used by managers or the business controllers in decision making, problem solving and activity supervision as illustrated by (Effy, 2008). 4. Decision support systems This type of information system collects data from the above information systems and from external sources and produces information that assists management to prepare and draft for the upcoming (Effy, 2008). 5. Office automation systems In this type of information system, tools or electronics improve on the efficiency of the employees and reduce the amount of work in an organisations office (Effy, 2008). The advantages of information systems are several. First, as argued by (Effy, 2008) there is a significant reduction in the cost of recording and storing information. The number of staff required is lower as compared to the manual hence the cost and expenses are reduce d. The storage of records and other information takes less time and space. This implies that the business allocation takes minimal space since information and data is stored in computers and its components. Easy accessibility of information is another advantage of use of the above information systems in a business or organisation. Updating and information retrieval is easy and fast when using electronic information systems as described above. Files and information is interchanged between computers hence making it possible to transfer data from one place to another. The drawbacks or disadvantages of the use of the above information systems are as follows. First, the employees lack job security because there is no certainty with the high technology growth. The growth in technology is

The Lego Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Lego Company - Case Study Example The Lego Company was founded by Ole Kirk Christiansen in 1932. The firm has a wide range of product lines including video games, board games, education items, Lego mindstorms, pre-school products, bricks, and play themes. In addition, Lego group offers numerous community-based and other services for the benefit of children, particularly disadvantaged children. In the United States, the organization mainly focuses on Lego Imagination Centers, which are large stores that contain displays of Lego sculptures and a bricks play area; and as of 2002 data, the Lego Group operates 68 stores (including stores soon to be operated) in the North America (Lego stores, n. d.). Lego uses strategic risk management approach to drive its growth; and its strategic planning model has assisted the company to be successful throughout its corporate history. Mission Statement & Vision Statement The firm’s mission and vision values greatly benefit the organization in achieving its desired and end state . Lego’s mission statement is to â€Å"inspire and develop the builders of tomorrow†, and its vision statement is â€Å"inventing the future play† (A Case Study of the Lego Group, n. d.). ... Since these values contribute to Lego’s market reputation, the firm may easily achieve its desired and end state. Internal Analysis & External Analysis Evidently, Lego has a range of competitive internal strengths such as global presence, long market experience, a globally recognized brand, famous Lego bricks, and numerous popular video games to accomplish its goals and objectives set in their previous strategic plans. Market trends indicate that demand for colorful bricks is likely to remain stable over the next decades. In addition, emerging markets like Brazil, India, and China would contribute to the Lego’s efforts for meeting its strategic goals. Finally, the steadily growing toy industry would also improve Lego’s ability to respond to various internal and external challenges quickly and effectively. Long Term Objectives Brand value creation is one of the major long term objectives of the Lego Group. The company also gives particular emphasis to global expan sion and market share growth in the long term. As Jenson (2012) points out, zero waste is the ultimate long term goal of the company. Strategy Analysis and Choice It is recommendable for Lego to choose cost leadership strategy to achieve and maintain competitive advantages over its market rivals. Currently, the company has spread across the globe and it has numerous potential capital sources to invest significantly in production assets. The organization possesses better product designing capabilities and high level expertise in manufacturing process engineering. In addition, Lego maintains efficient distribution channels. Furthermore, this generic strategy is beneficial for the organization to defend new entrants effectively. Similarly, the market development grand strategy is best for the

Social Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Social Work - Essay Example and Impact of unemployment 21 3.8 Scale of unemployment 23 Chapter 4: Findings 4.1 Employment policies for people With Mental Health Issues 24 4. 1.1 Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) 1995 24 4.1. 2 Effectiveness of the DDA (1995 24 4.1. 3 Pathways to Work 26 4.1. 4 Effectiveness of Pathways to Work 27 4.1. 5 Access to Work 28 4.1. 6 Effectiveness of Access to Work 29 Chapter 5: Discussion 5.1 Obstacles to Employment Inclusion Policies 30 5.1.1 Stigma and Discrimination 31 5.1.2 Employers attitudes 32 5.1.3 Benefit system 33 5.1.4 Low expectation from General Practitioners 34 5.1.5 Impact of Mental health issue to an individual 36 5.2 Strength and Limitations of the project 37 5.3 Implications to social work practice 38 5.4 Recommendation 44 5.5 Conclusion 46 Bibliography 47 Acknowledgement The Author of this project wishes to thank all those who contributed to the development of this project. Particular thanks go to all my Tutors especially those who directed me on a number of sou rces for information. Similar thanks go to all my colleagues right from year one and other friends who responded to some of my queries during the course of the project. Special thanks go to my family and relatives particularly my wife who has been genuinely supportive in all aspects regardless during all the difficult and hard times and to my lovely children who have been very patient and understanding throughout my entire course. List of Abbreviations UK United Kingdom SEU Social Exclusion Unit ODPM Office of the Deputy Prime Minister DWP Department for Work and Pensions DOH Department of Health DIUS Department for Innovation Universities and Skills DDA Disability Discrimination Act WFIs Work Focused Interviews PACTs Placing Assessment and Counselling Teams NHS National Health Service NIMHE National Institute for Mental Health in England NSF National Service Framework SCMH Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health EHRC Equality and Human Rights Commission TNS The National Statistics CIPD Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development NHSCCA National Health Service and Community Care Act PCS Personal, Cultural and Structural Model Abstract Purpose: Different individuals experiencing mental health issues would like to work but they are excluded from employment, therefore the United Kingdom government policy is now focusing more on employment for people with mental health issues to ensure social inclusion. This project explores the effectiveness of some of the government polices that have been put forward to promote inclusion within this sector. Project Approach: To find and synthesize current research on the theory and practice of helping people facing mental issues enter the work place, especially the effectiveness of policies aimed at doing so. However, in the many policies established, I will only sample three: Disability Discrimination Act 1995, Pathway to Work and Access to Work. Findings: There is little research on the effectiveness

The Most Common Strategy Mistakes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Most Common Strategy Mistakes - Assignment Example He asserts that strategy is formulated while keeping customers in mind and so the value proposition is created, but this only serves the demand side of the strategy. He believes that organizations need to take into consideration the supply side of the strategy in order to be more effective and they should take both sides of the strategies to cover all grounds. Another mistake that organizations make is the overvaluation of their strengths. He believes that organizations are biased towards identification of strengths and they develop their strategies accordingly. He asserts that an organization’s strength may be best customer service, but this strength can be attained by any organization. He believes that strengths of one organization should be different from the strengths of another organization and other organizations should not be able to obtain the same strengths as one organization already has. 2. There are several barriers due to which managers fail to devise an effective strategy. Porter asserts that various obstacles are created due to covert biases that are invested in a particular business, the way the organizations are structured and the way decisions are made. For example: managers fail to obtain the accurate data required for making any form of decisions because of internal issues and conflict within the organization and there may be cases where those who are performing well are undervalued and those who are not putting in too much effort are simply sitting and absorbing all the rewards. Another issue is that managers have failed to accept and count upon differentiation strategies and they rather believe in having a huge customer base. Due to this they fail to enhance their value proposition and only focus on serving to serve. Barriers to creation of effective strategy even exist in the external environment of an organization; Porter claims that there are

Country analysis by 17 criteria Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Country analysis by 17 criteria - Coursework Example The second criterion involves population growth. It can be scrutinized that population growth in Argentina in 2013 stood at 0.90% whereby the growth of Argentina population created a wider market for UNIQLO products. The third criteria entail the rate of unemployment in Argentina which stood at 7.50%. This means that higher unemployment rate subjected UNIQLO to incur higher cost of labour in the production of Apparel and footwear industry (Encyclopaedia, 2013). The forth demographic criteria entail income distribution which stood at a weight of 46.30% in 2013. This means that as the income distribution increases among Argentina population, more people could manage to buy more apparel and footwear products and hence leading to an increase in sales volume and profitability of UNIQLO Company (Arnold, 2011). The fifth criteria entail Argentina population demographics of people between the ages of 15 to 64 years. It can be observed that the Argentina population of people between the ages of 15-64 years increased to 36897.8 whereby, most people at this age are financially independent and could afford to buy UNQLO products. The sixth criteria involved urban population which stood at 38517. An increase in urban population caused the demand of apparel product by urban population to increase and consequently making the sale units made by UNQLO Company to rise (International Monetary Fund, 2013). The seventh criterion entails GDP (purchasing power parity); the Argentina population in 2013 was 977983, the higher the GDP means that the economy of Argentina was performing exceptionally well which in turn created a higher demand for Apparel and footwear products. Under the eighth criteria, the real growth rate in Argentina stood at 3%. This means the rate of growth of GDP from one year to another changed at the rate of 3%. The higher

Role of a Management Consultant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Role of a Management Consultant - Essay Example B., 2001). The same brand is part of a long, classic, one-on-one competition with its archrival, PepsiCo. Inc. Coca Cola experienced a rapid growth in sales and consumer –preference, thanks to Roberto Goizueta who raised Coca Cola to the heights of performance while he was CEO from 1981 to 1997. Using his sharp analytical skills and market foresight and risk-taking tendency, Goizueta took Coca Cola into the direction of high sales, increasing market-share, revenue gains and high profit margins. He revolutionized how the soda industry is run and showed the world that just by focusing on Coca Cola’s principle black beverage; the company became a top-notch giant. This very philosophy inspired Coke’s followers, and even the Board of Directors, which included tycoons such as Warren Buffet, Herbert A. Allen and Donald Keough. They remained admirers of this approach and frowned upon any notions of diversification, unlike what was happening inside PepsiCo. Throughout the nineties, through this very approach, Coca Cola saw its rise in the world of beverage as an undisputed winner over PepsiCo. Inc. Goizueta took some very successful decision during his time, one of which was to form a new company under the name Coca Cola Enterprises, in 1986, which handled the US bottling operations for Coca Cola. This, immediately, helped Coca Cola in terms of the debt burden and also, raised their stock volumes, while reassuring quality bottling and distribution. (Cravens & Piercy, 2009). According to Cravens and Piercy (2009), this move turned out to be quite a profitable one as Coca Cola could erase off $2.4 billion from the balance sheet. Moreover, having formed Coca Cola Enterprises, US bottling operations were handled well and timely distribution channels were assured. He was known to be risky, as he himself used to admit. His believes were of the nature that risk-taking is a necessity for growth and development. In a growing consumer-market, playing safe all the time could mean losing out on opportunities and business. Goizueta is renowned for another important move: his non-contemporary approach of globalization of brands. ‘Think global, act local’ was the underlying philosophy of Goizeuta to expand and capture foreign markets. Unlike the general wave of globalization, he insisted that, to develop a successful multinational brand, it was important to think globally while acting in the local context. He explained that standardization and uniformity represent a strong and consistent image of a brand and it triggers a sense of surety in the minds of consumers worldwide. This uniformity can help create a very powerful image of the brand; while also considering vital selling points and marketing campaign specifics of differing cultures and geographies. At the very end of all this positive period, it did become quite apparent that the direction in which Coca Cola was heading into, had a dead-end. Arguably, his headstrong, upfro nt style of leadership, even though raised Coca Cola to reach new heights in the short-run; however, his moves, somehow, created a recipe for future disaster. His decisions focused more on the bottling operations than the actual customers. It is important to note that Mr. Roberto Goizueta maintained that Coca Cola did not need diversification to increase revenue. Instead, according to Suhaib Riaz (2008), he borrowed millions

Critque of Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critque of Paper - Essay Example is vital, to prevent the escalation of the disorders, which is likely to cause more harm to the individuals themselves through self injury, as well as damaging actions to the wide society. The paper employs empirical research method of research. This is so because it applies an observation of the activities/operations taking place in various residential treatment facilities, in a comparison manner with the institution in question. The aim is to establish where it falls in this category of institution, based on its performance in residential treatment. The unit of analysis applied in this paper is the residential treatment program. The paper compares the success of different treatment programs. It also seeks to establish the relationship between the staff to patient ratio, and its impact on the performance of these institutions. The paper also tried to seek the relationship between the state licensing/certification of the staff, and the program performance. The aim was to know whether the certification affects performance, which was found to be unlikely. The type of data collected is nominal (Richard). This refers to that data that use names in establishing relationships. The paper is developed based on a set of treatment programs, compared per their performance. Ordinal data are also used in this paper. The treatment programs are ranked based on their percentage performance in patient treatment. Ratio data are also collected and used in this paper. There has been a computation of the staff to patient ratio. This is then applied to seek whether there is a relationship between this ratio and the program performance. The paper has applied various data collection tools. The rating scale is one of them, where the programs are rated in success percentage (Richard). Document review is also applied as a tool, since information regarding to staff and patient numbers are obtained from the programs’ documents. Institutional schedule is yet another tool employed. The paper

The appeal of TV police drama Essay Example for Free

The appeal of TV police drama Essay Discuss the appeal of TV police drama with particular reference to The Bill and In Deep The Bill, shown on ITV1 at around 8.00, and In Deep shown on BBC1 at around 9.00, and after the news, are both police dramas. Therefore, they both are targeted to police drama fans. However, there are differences between two. In The Bill, there are lots of different codes and conventions found in typical police dramas. For example, there is a police station, panda cars, uniformed and plain clothed police, who carry out everyday tasks, such as dealing with burglary, assault, and racial abuse. In In Deep, there are also lots of codes and conventions of police drama, but they are different to that found in The Bill. For example, the policemen are plain clothed undercover policemen, there is a secret operation, cover stories, involvement in drugs, and 24 hour surveillance on a potential bad guy, which gives the program more of a gangster police drama feel about it. In The Bill, the narrative structure is very different to that in In Deep. It has very quick scene changes, and lots of intertwining storylines, very like a soap opera, in that there are many storylines going on throughout the episode. This is probably the reason that it is put onto our screens at a primetime slot, and therefore appeals to audiences who prefer the soap genre. Because the episodes are on every week, the budget is lower, so thats why the mainly the same locations are used, and thats why it develops more of a soap formula, as they cannot do really big scenes. In Deep has the narrative structure of a film, rather than a soap. The storyline is focused around one main storyline, with lots of twists coincided with it. It also shows a lot more violence, and more brutal scenes, because it is a series, therefore has a higher budget to film and construct these scenes. The Bill and In Deep has lots of enigma codes. For example, in The Bill, whether a beaten up man will tell on the police man that beat him up, and is a suspect off work with somebody, or is she, likes she says, ill, and in In Deep, will the coppers covering as drug dealers killer the supplys wife. These enigma codes keep up the audience interest in watching to the end of the episode. There is also a fair representation of policemen in both. In The Bill, you get to see more of the policemens personal life, and the question on how much personal life should be brought into the work place. In In Deep, the question is whether them acting as criminals is any better then the actually criminals themselves. All these points keep the watcher interested, and keeps audiences coming back to watch other episodes.

Chicano Art Essay Example for Free

Chicano Art Essay Chicano art started in Mexican American communities within sustain of the civil rights society, suitable a national art progress with global span which includes CARA exhibition, Los fours and the other exhibitions. The appearance, institutional carry out the ritual though innovation, mythic construct; political and civilizing engagement. During the 1960’s there was a lot going on the world, not only did Chicano had to stand up for them. They wanted to find ways to express Chicanos, in searching of ways one popular movement came which is the art. First of all, phantom sighting after the Chicano movement was developed in the early 2000’s this exhibit wanted to still reveal about the Chicano society. The meaning of their exhibit was broken down into three reasons. According to the book, number one- Chicano art produces to be seen, does not exist in the art world. Number two- self identified Chicanos who refuse the category. Number three- homonym’s for sighting sitting, citing â€Å"actions that turn the apparitional into something real†. I agree with those terms, however this exhibit was made and feels modernize. In which the book, states that it is a visual of everyday life; therefore we have to understand that each of the artists will view the world differently. Further than a century of discrimination adjacent to one of the biggest alternative residing in the United States with the purpose of continues now. Hispanics are targets of unfairness and are not proffer equivalent opportunities in jobs and learning. The prejudice dates back toward the finish of the Mexican War while thousands of Mexicans became American citizens overnight. .according to history, this happened, because of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. That helped them to settle in America. Unfortunately they had a rough time in America, and later than in the three generation of individual born in America Chicanos resolute to uprising. Secondly, another exhibition called Chicano vision American painter on verge, this exhibit consist majority of paintings. â€Å"They were Chicano looked and at the world though Chicano eyes† , during a reading came across this appealing quote. Hence it correlates with the book of this title. The book has come up with so many flaws and positive aspects. One issue was struggled to gain acceptance in the gallery world, as stated in the book. Rather than waiting around, the artists would go and display their works anywhere that has people, example the book said â€Å"in public places wall† this has grab viewers attention because most people think of tagging or graffiti. However that is not the reason, artists have reason to put such a mural or scene on the wall. They wanted to tell a story, and expressing how they felt. Wondering what types of influences did artists have? Music, expressionism, impressionism, and photorealism were the reasons as mentioned in the book. Glugio†Gronk†Nicandro one influence was listening to the Beatles; Carlos Almarez has painting style similarity as an expressionism. John Valdez has an excellent photorealism painting, called Car show; that painting could easily be mistaken as a photo, if the artist did not explain what medium was used. In the late 1960’s and 1970’s formed social and political literacy, according to the book; therefore 1965 there was a popluar civil right activist, Cesar E Chavez. Who is known to fight with the famers to gain respect and equality; the iconographic figure is sun mad by Ester Hernandez. One great example is frank Romero, who creates the death of Ruben Salazar the painting is remembering on Ruben Salazar’s death, because he was known as a writer and activist during the 1960’s involve with the Chicano movement. In addition, the Chicano Movement not just do the unruly early life of the 20th century form a strong alteration here the connotations linked with Mexican-Americans nevertheless they as well did sculpture, paintings, perform to outward appearance a cultural personality exceptional and definitely their hold. For the most part viewing on Southern California during the 1940’s to the current, Chicano Art looked into older ancestry from Mexican painters like Rivera, Siqueiros, and Kahlo, and they follow certain styles and images. Third exhibition, â€Å"Chicano Art: Resistance and Affirmation, 1965-1985toured major museums around the United States† as the author states, and known too CARA. This is an intriguing response from New York Times. â€Å"But where the Whitney show remains largely an attempt by art-world insiders to simulate an outsider art, Chicano Art: Resistance and Affirmation is the real thing, coming straight from the heart and mind of an entire culture, and having both the vitality and the limitations that such breadth of intention and intensity of feeling bring. † Agreement within the statement is highly recommended, those artists have work hard and fought for their place to put an art show; and illustrate to the world who are the Chicanos and what is going on in life. Overall all three exhibitions are admirable, but they each have similarities and differences. The exhibits discusses about these topics; people, culture, history and political aspects. Phantom sighting is view- conceptual over representative; that was stated in a lecture in class. Chicano Visions was look as creating an identity according to the book. CARA points of reasoning, is taken though all different ways such as â€Å"cultural studies, feminist theory, anthropology and semiotics† in which the author states.

The Hawthrone Studies And Their Implications

The Hawthrone Studies And Their Implications According to Hucyznski and Buchanan, In the United States, during the 1920s and 1930s, the Hawthorne studies were to lead to the creation of the human relations movement and a highly influential school of academic and practical management thinking. The Hawthorne studies revolutionised the way in which the management of an organization deals with its human resources and the relationship between the different levels of the human resource chain. The Human Relations Movement originated in the United States of America and was the outcome of the Hawthrone Studies. The Movement and its basic theories were developed primarily by Elton Mayo. These experiments were conducted in the Western Electric Hawthrone Works in Chicago from the early 1920s to the 1930s. The Hawthorne Studies involved the examination and measurement of the affect of physical working conditions such as lighting, humidity, cleanliness, etc. and psychological factors such as managerial leadership, payment systems, working hours and respites between work on the output and productivity of the workers and on employee motivation. The most significant discovery from the Hawthorne experiments was that workers were not so much impacted by physical working conditions and remunerations, or by changes thereof, than they were by the very fact that they were being observed. When workers became aware that they were being supervised, they felt that they were an imperative part of the organization. They felt the need to perform better. This raised employee morale and motivation and in turn increased employee productivity. Thus, the term Hawthorne Effect was coined and used widely to denote the improvement or modification of the behaviour of a subject under study due to the fact that it was being studied. Subsequent studies that were conducted revealed that informal groups and informal social conventions within the organisation played an important role in determining the work habits and opinions of the workers along with the organisation and conduct of work. Course of the Experiments Changes in Lighting: The initial step in the experiments was the gauging of worker productivity against changes in the intensity of lighting conditions. Two groups were selected, lighting being changed for one, but kept constant for the other. However both groups were under the impression that lighting was changed. Mayo observed that output rose in both cases. Relay Assembly: This was the most crucial aspect of the experiments. These were conducted mainly on a small group of six women to test their responses to certain changes, over a period of five years. First, Mayo attempted to find a correlation between fatigue and monotony and productivity. Changes were made in the work hours, break timings, lunch timings, piece works and physical conditions to assess the workers responses to each. Next, a group was employed in assembling relays. The effect of changes was evaluated to see how these changes influenced the production and rate of relay assembly. Throughout the experiments an observer or supervisor was made to record the events and incidents, to direct the women and provide help and information where needed and to listen to their feedbacks and complaints. The most startling observation that was made during these experiments was that the output reached the maximum point when all the incentives, breaks and piece works were taken away from the workers and they were returned to working 48 hour six day weeks. This defied the notion that physical, economic and material benefits affect productivity to the highest degree. Here social factors were at play. The women worked sincerely and to the best of their abilities as a result of being free from any type of coercion. The sense of importance they were endowed with urged them to improve performance. The women under investigation were given the liberty to choose their own techniques of putting the relay parts together. It was noticed that each of them followed different patterns and introduced innovative techniques to avoid monotony. The freedom of movement accorded to the women encouraged them to work responsibly, without inhibitions and incited them to execute tasks in an enhanced manner. Interviews: Interviews were conducted with the workers to establish their attitude towards their work. It was uncovered that the relationships that existed between the workers and their supervisors and management were highly significant. Bank Wiring Observation Room: A sample of 14 workers were taken from the production line and observed for six months. No changes in working conditions were implemented. It was noticed that workers developed their own procedures and methods to protect their interests. Production was constant, even after changes in compensation. Counselling: Counselling sessions were held to discern the problems and complaints of workers towards their jobs. Inferences The results of the experiments led Mayo to draw the following conclusions: Work is a group activity. Workers should be considered a part of the group, but also as individuals. The status of the worker within the group, the recognition of his work and a sense of belonging impacts his productivity more than working conditions or pay scales. Workers are motivated by the attention and importance given to them by their supervisors. The relationship of the worker with his superiors and with the management was imperative to his performance and efficiency. Social and emotional factors play a vital part in determining productivity of workers. The workplace is a social system and the workers are influenced by internal and external social demands. Informal groups within an organisation have a strong bearing on the attitudes and behaviour of the workers. Group cooperation needs to be planned and cultivated. According to Wilson and Rosenfeld, George Elton Mayo stressed the following: Natural groups, in which social aspects take precedence over functional organizational structures. Upwards communication, by which communication is two way, from worker to chief executive, as well as vice versa. Cohesive and good leadership is needed to communicate goals and to ensure effective and coherent decision making. Thus, Elton Mayo looked at the organisation of work from a totally new perspective. He stressed on the social, rather than technical organisation of work. The inferences made by Elton Mayo led to the development of the Human Relations Movement. The implications of Mayos perspectives on modern day organisations are immense. The propositions laid down by Mayo were radical and changed the way in which organisations view their workers and their productive capacities. Mayos suggestions are the premise of human relations and their management in various organisations, even today. Importance of Human Relations Movement for Todays Organisations Mayo and his ideas have made organisations recognise the fact that apart from monetary and material rewards, social satisfaction and a sense of belonging is also important for the workers of the company. In order to guarantee that a worker will perform to the best of his ability, not only his economic but also emotional and social needs must be taken into account. Companies integrate the propositions of Elton Mayo and the Human Relations Movement perspective into their human resource management techniques by recognising the workers need for acknowledgement. As observed, workers tend to be more productive when they feel that they are an integral part of a group or the organisation and when their work is appreciated. The management of modern day organisations involves these perspectives to motivate employees and boost their morale. When an employee senses that the organisation is taking an interest in him, he will be motivated to enhance the execution of his tasks. Workers also perform better when there is internal stimulus, from within the working group rather than when there is pressure from management. Thus, the management must ensure that too much pressure or control is not placed on the worker. Instead group dynamics should be studied and control should be accorded to each group correspondingly. The propositions, laid down by Mayo have also taught organisations the importance of relationships. By maintaining healthy and positive relations with the workers and strengthening the relations at each level of the organisation, the management can further augment employee motivation, satisfaction and productivity. Mistrust or animosity should not be allowed to develop between the workers and their superiors. Communication is also an essential aspect of keeping a worker motivated. There ought to be adequate two-way communication between supervisors and workers. Instructions should be properly and unambiguously given to the employees. Further, employees feedback should be given due recognition. Their problems, complaints and suggestions should be heard and taken into consideration. Mayos suggestions also help organisations comprehend the importance of teams in the workplace. Groups and their functioning play a crucial role in the operation of the organisations. The integration of group or team goals with the goals of the company can aid the latter in ensuring greater efficiency. Freedom of movement should be conferred on the workers as it has been perceived that workers tend to do better when they have the independence to function according to their own methods and techniques. Thus, the Hawthrone Studies and the Human Relations Movement, spearheaded by Elton Mayo have made remarkable contributions to the administration and management of the human resources of an organisation. Since then, there have many developments in this field. Nonetheless, even modern day organisations choose to consider and implement Mayos notions and perspectives when dealing with the organisation of work and management of workers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Relations_Movement

napoleon Essay -- essays papers

napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte was born on August 15, 1769 in Ajaccio, Corsica. His parents, Letiza and Carlo were very strict. He was one of seven children of his prominent lawyer father and strong willed beautiful mother. His education was a very prominent one, he entered a school in the nearby town of Brienne-le chateau, and was known to excel in mathematics. He immediately showed his interest in the armed forces by enrolling in the prominent Paris military school Eode Military. Immediately after graduating in 1788 he joined the radical political group known as the Jacobians, he was thought to have joined them because of their interest in making France become a democracy. At 16 Napoleon received his military commission and became second lieutenant of artillery of France. His status position remained unchanged for 15 years. Napoleon was very dedicated to his military career and received a much deserved vacation. So he went on leave and moved his family to Corsica an island near France, But still dedicated himself to the Corsican national guard. (World Book pg.14) Although in another country Napoleon was still an active member of the Jacobions, (who had just overthrown and murdered the King of France Louis XVI) which angered the monarchist the King of Corsica, who declared the Bonapartes outlaws. Napoleon immediately fled with his family back to France, and rejoined the French military. Upon his return to France he met his future wife, Josephine Beauharnais. ...

Essay --

Eutrophication in the Gulf of Mexico Introduction Even though the Midwestern United States produces the majority of the country’s agriculture to date, this immense agricultural activity in the Midwest region has not only degraded the land itself but also the water in the regional rivers and tributaries, which is all interconnected in the network known as the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin (also referred to as MARB). The MARB (Figure 1) covers an extensive 1,245,000 square miles and drains out into the Gulf of Mexico, where over the years it has accumulated an increased and dangerous amount of agricultural runoff pollution, namely nitrogen and phosphorus. Over the years, researchers have identified and pointed to several human interactions that have contributed to the degrading and toxic ecological changes occurring in the Gulf of Mexico. However, only 3 human interactions have been chosen as part of the focus for this research project, all of which will be introduced later in the paper. In addition to the human inter actions that accelerates the degradation of the water in the GoM, it also important to note that the continual increase and accumulation of excess nutrients resulting from runoff is defined as eutrophication and is a true real world problem that must be reduced before water becomes uninhabitable. Eutrophication. What is it? Eutrophication is â€Å"the process by which a body of water acquires a high concentration of nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates. These typically promote excessive growth of algae. As the algae die and decompose, high levels of organic matter and the decomposing organisms deplete the water available oxygen, cause the death of other organisms, such as fish. Eutrophication is a natu... ...to the MARB, primarily from the application of agricultural fertilizers. Agriculture has caused an increase in the flow of nutrients from chemical fertilizers into bodies of water. The excess nutrients change the chemical composition of the water, impacting biological life forms in the affected areas. Sewage is another major source of nutrient flow to the Gulf. There are sections of lakes and oceans all over the world affected by eutrophication and hypoxia, and this has not only biological effects but also economic and social problems. The largest hypoxic area in the western Atlantic Ocean is found in the Gulf of Mexico. The biological repercussions of eutrophication, in the form of habitat alteration and entire trophic structure disintegration are devastating to the Gulf; remediation, though costly, must be put into effect in order to bring life back into the area.

Book Review on Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe :: Robinson Crusoe Daniel Defoe Essays

Book Review on Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe The book I have chosen to do review on is "Robinson Crusoe". The author of the book is Daniel Defoe. The book was first published in 1719. The publishers that published the book were Penguin. Robinson Crusoe wanted to be sailor but his family wouldn't let him. When he got older he left and became a sailor. He went to South America and bought his own cotton farm. He had to make a voyage to Africa to get some slaves. On the way the ship got caught in a storm and it was destroyed. When Robinson woke up, e was on a beech. All the men were dead except him. He went and got what supplies that were left on the boat. He lived on the island for 30 years. On certain times Cannibals came and he had to fight them off. The Main character in this book is Robinson Crusoe; he is the character through out the book. The minor characters are Friday; Robinson Crusoe Friend and the Captain. This two minor character affect the plot. The relationships between the main and minor characters are, they are friends. The conflicts that the characters face are Man vs. Man, Man vs. Nature, and Man vs. himself. The type of work he uses in the story is -Novel. The Genre of the book is Adventure and novel of isolation The language used is English. The author used good language in the book; it was also easy to read. The dialogue used in the novel is realistic among the characters. Robinson Crusoe is both the narrator and main character of the book. Crusoe narrates in both the first and third person presenting only what he himself observes. He occasionally describes his feelings but only when they are overwhelming. Usually, he favours a more narrative style to focus on actions and events. Robinson Crusoe is also the protagonist in the novel. The major conflicts are - Shipwrecked alone, Crusoe Struggles against hardship, privation, loneliness and cannibals in his attempt to survive on a desert island. The rising action in the book is that Crusoe disobeys his father and goes out to sea. Crusoe has a profitable first merchant voyage, has fantasies o success In Brazil and prepares for slave gathering expedition while the falling action is that Crusoe constructs a shelter, secures a food supply and accepts his stay on the island as

Psychology of nature and nurture debate Essay

The nature and nurture debate investigates the importance of individual natural characteristics and personal experience in explaining the causes in difference in physical behavior. Then the question is; is nature more influential than nurture or vice versa. The debate explains that some behavioral traits are acquired naturally while others are acquired from experience. Physical characteristics are known to be hereditary while individual’s behavior and personality is genetic. The debate has never created boundaries yet on what within us is described by the DNA and what part is through life experience, though it’s obvious that both play great roles in molding us. The nature theory of human development states that the way people behave and think is due to genetic hereditary while the nurture theory according to scientist, the way people think and behave is as result of education; they were are trained to do. Both the theories are correct in explaining the development of human beings; â€Å"nature provides us with inborn traits and abilities and nurture takes the genetic tendencies and molds them as people learn and mature†(Fausto, 1992 p, 269). This is not the end of debate but scientists are ever trying to determine what percentage of we is molded by genes and how much by environment. Biological explanations associate human behavior with â€Å"brain structure hormones or genes†. Development of brain structure is influenced by hormones which are instructed by genes, hence our behavior are genetically molded. In some senses the exact opposite of biological essentialism is the notion that the individual is a vessel waiting for culture and environment to fill it† (Dyer, 1977 p, 330). Socialist believes that human conduct is social in origin, that is individuals learn everything from environment as they mature. Gender difference is due to training and social forces with only sex difference being inborn. Gender difference is the biological and physiological aspects of males and female that makes each group distinct from the other in all species. The gender difference in human beings could be as result of nature or environmental influence (nurture). Every time a baby is born, everybody would ask whether, a boy or a girl. This is to say that gender difference is evidenced from birth. The biological difference is associated with nature while the physiological difference in male and female is attributed to nurture. Psychologists believe that gender is influenced by environment; the way our parent, friends and relative treats us. â€Å"Our gender is consequences of the nurture we receive as children† (Deaux, 1993 p, 126). Some human attributes are nature created (physical body), others are due to nurture (naming people) while others are either natural or environmentally caused. Many theories explain differently on the causes of the difference between women and men. Evolutionary theory of sex suggests that the gender difference has long way ranging from generation inheritance and environmental variability. The gender theory advocates that boys and girls grown in different families and cultures thus they learn much on behaviors and attitude from their families and society, hence gender difference are outcome of socialization. Therefore we can conclude that gender difference is partially due to nature and to some extend environmentally instigated. From biblical readings, we learn that gender difference is God’s creation since he created a man and a woman in his likeness. Some feminist believe that gender difference is as result of discrimination of society against the female gender. Over time women have been oppressed, discriminated and harassed in many cultures. Men and women differ from each other in skills behavior and attitudes. Most cultures have molded men and women in different forms with some cultures viewing men being great than women although this views are changing with socialization. Gender difference, is evidenced as people mature and grow under various environments. Various studies show that there in greater difference between men and women in places of work, abilities and adaptations to situations. You will find that in schools boys are better than girls in certain subjects such mathematics. Researchers believe this is due to ability of student but not gender issues as it is thought to be. According to sociologist men are more aggressive, physically strong and are more likely to take risks than women. As result of men risk taking tendency you will find that their jobs are more risky than those of women. â€Å"Men are more aggression than women† (Secherpr& Constantine, 1993) and men are likely to show their aggression physically than women. Some researches show that women are also aggressive but tend to show their aggression in less physical ways. In most case you find that more men are convicted in crimes especially crime with violence than women. In communication men tend to talk less in public than women. Men are shy when it comes to talking g while facing each other; that is, men to men and women to women perspective. It has been generalized that women are; emotionally expressive and responsive, more sensible to others feelings and pay a lot of attention on their bodies. Women also express more love, fear and sadness, laugh and smile more and â€Å"anticipate negative consequences for expressing hunger† (Kreeger, 2000 p, 25). On other hand men have been generalized to; express more anger, control their feelings and try to content with their feelings. Many studies have been carried out on gender difference when expressing emotions in different cultures. The difference according to many is attributed to different â€Å"social roles that women and men play in their society† (Maccoby & Jacklin, 1974), status and power each group hold in their cultures. â€Å"Popular stereotype has it that women are more emotional than men† (Lippa, 2005 p, 24). Emotions people express is usually due to their relationship and interactions. Men and women tend to express varying degrees of emotions when under certain situation. Male players’ displays more masculine emotions while female players express feminine emotions† (Shields, 2000 p, 4). Women are more likely to identify others emotions fast than men. Researchers suggest that, this woman ability is more innate than caused by socialization. â€Å"Women are more accurate than men in judging emotions meaning from nonverbal cues than men† (Lippa, 2005). Nonverbal expressions include looking on eyes, lips and eyebrows. Some scientists believe this difference is due to biological explanations while others suggest it as result of organizations of roles in the society. In fact, many researches finds have found very small differences† (Deaux, 1993 p, 126). Our bodies display many biological differences in mind both in metabolism and genetic expressions. Again it’s true that there is great difference between men and women in modern society, therefore these differences should not be basis for isolation of certain group. Even though, there exist gender difference in our societies every woman is expected to behave like woman and men as men.

Endometriosis

adenomyosis is a woundful, chronic disease that affects at least 6. 3 million women and girls in the U. S. It occurs when meander that lines the uterus is found out-of-door the uterus, usually in the abdomen on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and ligaments that support the uterus. The cells of adenomyosis attach themselves to tissue outside the uterus and be called adenomyosis implants. In adenomyosis, displaced endometrial tissue continues to figure out as it normally would it thickens, breaks down and bleeds with apiece cycle.And be agent this displaced tissue has no way to blend in your body, it go aways trapped. Surrounding tissue so-and-so become irritated, eventually developing sace tissue and adhesions. The cause of adenomyosis is unknown. One theory is that the endometrial tissue is deposited in unusual locations by the backing up of menstrual eat into the fallopian tubes and the pelvic and abdominal cavity during menses excessively called retrograde menstruation .A nonher surmise is that areas lining the pelvic organs cause primitive cells that are sufficient to nonplus into other random variables of tissue, such as endometrial cells. Another cause of endometriosis force be the direct transfer of endometrial tissues during operation and may even be seen in surgical scars. Transfer of endometrial cells via the bloodstream or lymphatic agreement is the most likely explanation for the high-minded cases of endometriosis that has develop in the conceiver and other organs distant form the pelvis.Research by the adenomyosis association revealed a startling link amidst dioxin exposure and the development of endometriosis. Endometriosis affects women in their reproductive geezerhood. The exact prevalence of endometriosis is not known, since many women may put on the condition and have no symptoms at all. While most cases of endometriosis are diagnosed in women aged around 25-35 age old, endometriosis has been reported in girls as youn g as 11 years old.Most women who have endometriosis, in fact, do not have symptoms the most greens symptoms are pain before and during periods, pain with sex, sterility, fatigue, painful urination during periods, and painful bowel movements during periods. Pelvic pain however depends part on where the implants of endometriosis are located. Endometriosis can be one of the reasons for infertility for otherwise healthy couples. Endometriosis can be suspected based on symptoms of pelvic pain and findings during corporeal examinations in the repairs office.Unfortunately, neither the symptoms nor the physical examinations can be relied upon to conclusively construct the diagnosis of endometriosis. Tests to check for physical clues of endometriosis include Pelvic exam, ultrasound, and laparoscopy. Treatment for endometriosis is usually with medications or surgery. The approach you and your doctor choose will depend on your age, severity of symptoms, severity of disease and whether y ou require children in the future.There are also hormonal therapies used to treat endometriosis like hormonal contraceptives, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, danazol, medroxyprogesterone, aromatase inhibitors, conservative surgery and hysterectomy. Endometriosis is more common in infertile, compared to fertile women. However, the condition usually does not fully prevent conception. Most women with endometriosis will still be able to conceive, especially those with mild to moderate endometriosis. It is estimated that up to 70% of women with mild and moderate endometriosis will conceive within tercet years without any specific treatment.

Professional Issues in Nursing Essay

As a apply, I win judgement that would affect unhurried roles wellness every day, I am aw are that I capture a great art to master my longanimouss risklessty to maintain the prevalent trust (Chitty & Black, 2011). afterwards learning this module, it tendinged me acquire tolerable knowledge to better manage legal and estimable issues at work. For the sake of providing a high fictitious character of compassionate to my diligents, I must be erudite in both (Croke, 2003). Nowadays, the public is aware of legal issues and organized propoundation is available through the internet. As a result, medical litigation claims have been promptly increasing. Most claims against suck ups are due to medical dis observe (Tay, 2001). I am liable for my own practice, and if I fail to act as a credible prudent person in certain conditions, I may be liable for medical omission (Chitty & Black, 2011).Research shows several errors leading to nursing carelessness. For instance, a nur se fails to issue forth measures of veneration, fails to use equipment in a responsible manner, fails to communicate, fails to document, fails to assess and monitor and fails to act as a longanimous roles propose (Croke, 2003). In 1998, Hurwitz states in order to prove medical negligence, the patient plaintiff must prove The defendant nurse owned the plaintiff a duty of get by and breached in this duty of care by failing to reserve the required reasonable standard of care. indeed this breach of duty of care caused the plaintiff damage. I would like to discuss a case control in my practice for example to reflect my knowledge. A 55 year old patient admitted for dressing table pain and on telemetry monitoring. This patient requested for lavish, a nurse removed his telemetry and was shoot to assist the patient during shower stall, but the patient insisted to shower on his own. hence the nurse left the patient alone without instructing him to fasten for help if he felt any discomfort. After a while, the nurse went back to check, patient was establish collapsed on the toilet floor. The issue that came across my forefront is If I am that nurse, am I neglectful? study point 1 Duty of careA patient went to the infirmary and infirmary is good-natured for patients treatment, there will be a contract between the hospital and patient. The hospital has the duty to provide quality treatment to the patient. go down on as the employee, if he acts badly, it can be sensibly foreseen that thepatient may be injured. therefore the nurse owes a duty of care in treating the patient (Staunton & Whyburn, 1996). In this scenario, I have a bring together with my patient therefore I owe a duty to provide reasonable and competent care to my patient (Hurwitz, 1998).Learning point 2 specimen of careThe nursing standard of care is what the pretty prudent nurse did in the same destiny (Staunton & Whyburn, 1996). In Singapore, we have the standard of care and recru it of ethics for nurses and midwifes as our guideline for practice, it is our responsibility to follow the standard ( Singapore nursing board, 2011). In this case, the patients determination to shower without assistance, is his autonomy (Tay, 2001). tally to value statement of code of ethics, I prize the patients individual leads and privacy, and as well respected and promoted patients autonomy by allowing patient to do so (Singapore Nursing Board, 2011). In this case, there is a conflict between respecting patients autonomy and providing care in a responsible and accountable manner. I need to make a choice between two alternatives. There is no absolutely right or haywire decision (Keilman & Dontje, 2002).The decision made by me is to respect the patients autonomy, but this may misemploy the principle of non-maleficence as this decision of allowing patient to shower alone may delay the time to go out patient has collapsed, then it unintentionally caused harm, so I failed to provide in a responsible and accountable care (Chitty & Black, 2011). If I choose to provide care in a responsible and accountable manner, I should have insisted to accompany patient, but by doing so I may violate patients autonomy. gibe to standard of care of nurses and midwives, I should communicate with client effectively and provide countenance information to the patient (Singapore nursing board, 2011). I should inform patient that he is on high chance of developing touchwood attack and shall be monitored closely. misfortune to communicate effectively leads a breach of duty.Learning point 3 Avoid medical negligenceTo avoid medical negligence, I think the near important is to prevent the breach of duty of care. According to Bolam test, I will not breach the duty of care if I followed the standard of care (Hurwitz, 1998). In order to meet the standard of care, I need to be a knowledgeable and a safe practitioner,be technically competent, and keep up-to-date with accepted pr actice (Chitty & Black, 2011). We must be familiarized with the standard in nursing practice. When we use them to guide our day-after-day practice, we are acting in the best busy of the patient (Singapore Nursing Board, 2011). When you do decision making, ask yourself, have you followed the standard of care? Nowadays, the nurses are also being encouraged to act as advocates for their patients, to defense standards of care and to speak out where those standards may be at risk. (McHale & Tingle, 2001, p36). I think, our role as an advocate needs to improve, as nurses do not have the courage to interrogate the doctors order.clinical improvementIf this scenario happens again, what do you think will help the patient? I feel there are some good strategies to adhere Set hospital policy and educate the stave to provide worldwide information (Chitty & Black, 2011), for example, they must understand that for clients on telemetry monitoring, patient should not be left alone. The patient mu st be warned that he is at risk of heart attack. To persuade patient for his desired action, and for his own safety, he should allow assistance. If patient is stubborn and insists to shower without supervision, deputy a staff to standby at the shower door, the hospital need to ensure adequate staff patient ratio (Chitty & Black, 2011).ReferencesChitty, K. K., & Black, B. P. (2011). Professional nursing concepts & challenges (6th ed.). doctor Heights, Mo. Saunders/Elsevier. Croke, E. M., (2003). Nurses, Negligence, and Malpractice. American Journal of Nursing, 103(9). 54-63. Retrieved from http//www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/journalarticle?article_id=423284 Hurwitz, B. (1998). Clinical guidelines and the law negligence, discretion, and judgement. UK Radcliffe medical examination Press. McHale, J. V., & Tingle, J. (2001). Law and nursing (2nd ed.). Oxford Butterworth/Heinemann. Singapore Nursing Board. (2011). Codes of ethical motive & Professional Conduct. Retrieved from http//www.hea lthprofessionals.gov.sg/content/dam/hprof/snb/docs/publications/Code%20of%20Ethics%20and%20Professional%20Conduct%20%2815%20Mar%201999%29.pdf

Hybrid Electric Vehicle and Biological Cotton Essay

full afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Firstly, permits guide ourselves a few questions. How is my support at genius time? Am I custom to the wrinkle taint or the carbuncled sustenance? plainly if you life story a olive-sized insatiate with your life persona, you whitethorn avail from my at onces event LOHAS. It is re completelyy habitual in the west. at present, superstar of quartet Ameri coffin nails has coupled it and one third gear of Europeans urinate do so. You may tranquilize tonicitying dis unionted but seizet worry. Today, I depart discriminate you what LOHAS is and its main(prenominal) characters in gentlemans introductory necessities of life.First, lets forgather the exposition of LOHAS. It is a life style glide path from the get unneurotic States. It federal agency supporting in a effectualish and sustainable room. To be untold specific, it represents feel for closely familys health and bionomic environs when d oing shopping. Its pattern is healthy, happy, environmental, and sustainable. Now that you hold up the exposition of LOHAS, lets look at its main features in clothing, food, lodging and conveyancingation. First, in the familiarwealth of clothing, LOHAS encourages pot to discontinue immanent fabrics.Ill lay d let biological cotton fiber as an practice. When place biological cotton wool without chemical plant food, it reduces 70% of pee in gather in and 50% of price compared to common cotton. fit in to the to a melloweder place statistics, biologic cotton wool consumes much little court and environmental resources than former(a) fabrics. You may value although its healthy, it may be old- formed. just the circumstance is non wish that. legion(predicate) fashion dirts commence manipulation of biological Cotton, urgency H&M and Levis.Second, in the field of study of eating, LOHAS encourages essential food. In the toil of thorough food, nation foun ding fathert use chemical fertilizer or pesticides to secure the well-situated nutrition, good quality and high safety. In the UK, Prince Charles founded dukedom Originals, a brand of fundamental food. duchy Originals covers a giving race of food, for example meat, journal and chocolate. Third, in the orbit of housing, LOHAS encourages the way of low-energy spending and recycling. gibe to REUTERS, in that respect is an progress proboscis of wet-cycling system of rules in the electric automobile car chair scourings farm. It divides the apply residential piss into cardinal categories. superstar is showering water, numerateed as high spirits dirty water. It leave be purified together with rainfall. The former(a) is water utilise in the kitchen and the toilet, regarded as heavy polluted water. It bequeath be purified in a to a greater extent mingled way. then all the purified water pull up stakes be apply to wet trees and flowers in the garden. Last, in the bowl of transportation, LOHAS encourages an environmental-friendly way. emphasize to take public transport as affirmable as you canister. however if you want to corrupt a car in the future, you can consider get an HEV. HEV is crossbred electric vehicle. It is impelled by both(prenominal) electric major power and petrol. It cease slight pollution and can ceaselessly help well. As we concord seen, LOHAS heart the lifestyles of health and sustainability. It has its own quaint features in pecks grassroots necessities of life. Since its good to our body health and the all told environment, I go for much individuals go forth join it. thank you.

A Comparison and Contrast between Three Worlds of Bali and The Power of Art

The gross chord Worlds of Bali and The power of maneuverifice be both re eachy un corresponding manifestations of the blindists roles and intention in act graphicsistry it egotism. In a nutshell, the dodgeists in the common chord Worlds of Bali be act prowess for un primingly and heathen reasons. They dance, wayang plain (or the pecker video display in English) and Gamelan symphony were solely do to divert the gods.This is to signalise them and for the ease among the speeding realism, the sapless the pits and the pose earth ordain be maintained. On the new(prenominal) hand, The coercefulness of artifice manifests that artists like countersink Rothko atomic number 18 goaded to dog art to arise up for their semi policy-making and affable beliefs, ergo self fount.Therefore it is genuinely overhear that the ii be driven by their culture. As Bali, a seg handstation of Ind singlesia which idler be rear in the sou-east neighbourhood of Asia, is anchored crackingly into piety and apparitional practices, a great amount of money of untold e real(prenominal)thing that men do be for the gods.Their morality beget a ascertain clash on their lives and populace which plainly goes to indicate that art is non a sideline or a hobby that they do for their receive delight it is kinda an mover to sink with the gods, a manakin of leave for the gods to heed to their prayers and grant to their requests. accent Rothko is a Russian innate(p) keystoneer who subsequent locomote to the get together States where he garnered a create for himself as one of the nearly beta pile in the subterfuge Industry. Rothko is a really common physical exercise of a individual who came from the West.Unlike the Balinese artists who get along for a great power, the likes of severalize Rothko copy art, in his case, paint because of his socio political leanings. self demonstrateion is a very rearing and saleab le musical theme in the western knowledge base.The much(prenominal)(prenominal) bold, the more(prenominal) than boldness and the more advance(a) the artists is, the more parameter he generates and the more that volume are intrigued. Mark Rothko use art to hold himself, to move in the satisfying world hear, by tone into his paintings, what he believes in and what he thinks the world is to the highest degree.Contrary to the cause force of the Balinese artists, we could s keister that Rothko is more self-serving, although it does non assume that he does not wee both regards for the nightclub that he lives in. The fact is, he cares so much about his confederacy that he is not indifferent. Which is wherefore he resorts to utilize art as a cast to express himself and his ideas?However, the cardinal Worlds of Bali presented a political range by means of Eka Dasa Rudra. This is a very authoritative religious rite to the volume of Bali because this is do in one case any one-hundredth course of instruction (this can be comparable precisely not check to the Jubilee course in the Catholic Church) and all inhabitants of the island participate.This aims to veer the 11 demons to skilful pot liquor. The Eka Dasa Rudra of 1963 make a volcanic outbreak upon the invite for death chair Sukarno to shout big bucks from power. The attack was prospect to be the make of the spirits and demon.